Browsing by Author "Niedermann, Benjamin"

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    External Labeling Techniques: A Taxonomy and Survey
    (The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2019) Bekos, Michael A.; Niedermann, Benjamin; Nöllenburg, Martin; Laramee, Robert S. and Oeltze, Steffen and Sedlmair, Michael
    External labeling is frequently used for annotating features in graphical displays and visualizations, such as technical illustrations, anatomical drawings, or maps, with textual information. Such a labeling connects features within an illustration by thin leader lines with their labels, which are placed in the empty space surrounding the image. Over the last twenty years, a large body of literature in diverse areas of computer science has been published that investigates many different aspects, models, and algorithms for automatically placing external labels for a given set of features. This state-of-the-art report introduces a first unified taxonomy for categorizing the different results in the literature and then presents a comprehensive survey of the state of the art, a sketch of the most relevant algorithmic techniques for external labeling algorithms, as well as a list of open research challenges in this multidisciplinary research field.
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    A Survey on Transit Map Layout - from Design, Machine, and Human Perspectives
    (The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2020) Wu, Hsiang-Yun; Niedermann, Benjamin; Takahashi, Shigeo; Roberts, Maxwell J.; Nöllenburg, Martin; Smit, Noeska and Oeltze-Jafra, Steffen and Wang, Bei
    Transit maps are designed to present information for using public transportation systems, such as urban railways. Creating a transit map is a time-consuming process, which requires iterative information selection, layout design, and usability validation, and thus maps cannot easily be customised or updated frequently. To improve this, scientists investigate fully- or semi-automatic techniques in order to produce high quality transit maps using computers and further examine their corresponding usability. Nonetheless, the quality gap between manually-drawn maps and machine-generated maps is still large. To elaborate the current research status, this state-of-the-art report provides an overview of the transit map generation process, primarily from Design, Machine, and Human perspectives. A systematic categorisation is introduced to describe the design pipeline, and an extensive analysis of perspectives is conducted to support the proposed taxonomy. We conclude this survey with a discussion on the current research status, open challenges, and future directions.