Browsing by Author "Lex, Alexander"

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    Ferret: Reviewing Tabular Datasets for Manipulation
    (The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2023) Lange, Devin; Sahai, Shaurya; Phillips, Jeff M.; Lex, Alexander; Bujack, Roxana; Archambault, Daniel; Schreck, Tobias
    How do we ensure the veracity of science? The act of manipulating or fabricating scientifc data has led to many high-profle fraud cases and retractions. Detecting manipulated data, however, is a challenging and time-consuming endeavor. Automated detection methods are limited due to the diversity of data types and manipulation techniques. Furthermore, patterns automatically fagged as suspicious can have reasonable explanations. Instead, we propose a nuanced approach where experts analyze tabular datasets, e.g., as part of the peer-review process, using a guided, interactive visualization approach. In this paper, we present an analysis of how manipulated datasets are created and the artifacts these techniques generate. Based on these fndings, we propose a suite of visualization methods to surface potential irregularities. We have implemented these methods in Ferret, a visualization tool for data forensics work. Ferret makes potential data issues salient and provides guidance on spotting signs of tampering and differentiating them from truthful data.