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Item Chart Question Answering: State of the Art and Future Directions(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2022) Hoque, Enamul; Kavehzadeh, Parsa; Masry, Ahmed; Bruckner, Stefan; Turkay, Cagatay; Vrotsou, KaterinaInformation visualizations such as bar charts and line charts are very common for analyzing data and discovering critical insights. Often people analyze charts to answer questions that they have in mind. Answering such questions can be challenging as they often require a significant amount of perceptual and cognitive effort. Chart Question Answering (CQA) systems typically take a chart and a natural language question as input and automatically generate the answer to facilitate visual data analysis. Over the last few years, there has been a growing body of literature on the task of CQA. In this survey, we systematically review the current state-of-the-art research focusing on the problem of chart question answering. We provide a taxonomy by identifying several important dimensions of the problem domain including possible inputs and outputs of the task and discuss the advantages and limitations of proposed solutions. We then summarize various evaluation techniques used in the surveyed papers. Finally, we outline the open challenges and future research opportunities related to chart question answering.Item Data to Physicalization: A Survey of the Physical Rendering Process(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2021) Djavaherpour, Hessam; Samavati, Faramarz; Mahdavi-Amiri, Ali; Yazdanbakhsh, Fatemeh; Huron, Samuel; Levy, Richard; Jansen, Yvonne; Oehlberg, Lora; Smit, Noeska and Vrotsou, Katerina and Wang, BeiPhysical representations of data offer physical and spatial ways of looking at, navigating, and interacting with data. While digital fabrication has facilitated the creation of objects with data-driven geometry, rendering data as a physically fabricated object is still a daunting leap for many physicalization designers. Rendering in the scope of this research refers to the backand- forth process from digital design to digital fabrication and its specific challenges. We developed a corpus of example data physicalizations from research literature and physicalization practice. This survey then unpacks the ''rendering'' phase of the extended InfoVis pipeline in greater detail through these examples, with the aim of identifying ways that researchers, artists, and industry practitioners ''render'' physicalizations using digital design and fabrication tools.Item EuroVis 2017 - STARs: Frontmatter(Eurographics Association, 2017) Meyer, Miriah; Takahashi, Shigeo; Vilanova, Anna;Item EuroVis 2018 STARs: Frontmatter(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2018) Laramee, Robert S.; Marai, G. Elisabeta; Sedlmair, Michael; Robert S. Laramee and G. Elisabeta Marai and Michael SedlmairItem EuroVis 2019 CGF 38-3 STARs: Frontmatter(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2019) Laramee, Robert S.; Oeltze, Steffen; Sedlmair, Michael; Laramee, Robert S. and Oeltze, Steffen and Sedlmair, MichaelItem EuroVis 2020 CGF 39-3 STARs: Frontmatter(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2020) Smit, Noeska; Oeltze-Jafra, Steffen; Wang, Bei; Smit, Noeska and Oeltze-Jafra, Steffen and Wang, BeiItem EuroVis 2021 CGF 40-3 STARs: Frontmatter(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2021) Smit, Noeska; Vrotsou, Katerina; Wang, Bei; Smit, Noeska and Vrotsou, Katerina and Wang, BeiItem EuroVis 2022 CGF 41-3 STARs: Frontmatter(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2022) Bruckner, Stefan; Turkay, Cagatay; Vrotsou, Katerina; Bruckner, Stefan; Turkay, Cagatay; Vrotsou, KaterinaItem EuroVis 2023 CGF 42-3 STARs: Frontmatter(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2023) Bruckner, Stefan; Raidou, Renata G.; Turkay, Cagatay; Bruckner, Stefan; Raidou, Renata G.; Turkay, CagatayItem EuroVis 2024 CGF 43-3 STARs: Frontmatter(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2024) Garth, Christoph; Kerren, Andreas; Raidou, Renata; Garth, Christoph; Kerren, Andreas; Raidou, RenataItem EuroVis 2025 CGF 44-3 STARs: Frontmatter(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2025) Angellini, Marco; Garth, Christoph; Kerren, Andreas; Angellini, Marco; Garth, Christoph; Kerren, AndreasItem EuroVis STARs 2016: Frontmatter(Eurographics Association, 2016) Ross Maciejewski; Timo Ropinski; Anna Vilanova;Item External Labeling Techniques: A Taxonomy and Survey(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2019) Bekos, Michael A.; Niedermann, Benjamin; Nöllenburg, Martin; Laramee, Robert S. and Oeltze, Steffen and Sedlmair, MichaelExternal labeling is frequently used for annotating features in graphical displays and visualizations, such as technical illustrations, anatomical drawings, or maps, with textual information. Such a labeling connects features within an illustration by thin leader lines with their labels, which are placed in the empty space surrounding the image. Over the last twenty years, a large body of literature in diverse areas of computer science has been published that investigates many different aspects, models, and algorithms for automatically placing external labels for a given set of features. This state-of-the-art report introduces a first unified taxonomy for categorizing the different results in the literature and then presents a comprehensive survey of the state of the art, a sketch of the most relevant algorithmic techniques for external labeling algorithms, as well as a list of open research challenges in this multidisciplinary research field.Item Fluidly Revealing Information: A Survey of Un/foldable Data Visualizations(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2025) Bludau, Mark-Jan; Dörk, Marian; Bruckner, Stefan; Tominski, Christian; Angellini, Marco; Garth, Christoph; Kerren, AndreasRevealing relevant information on demand is an essential requirement for visual data exploration. In this state-of-the-art report, we review and classify techniques that are inspired by the physical metaphor of un/folding to reveal relevant information or, conversely, to reduce irrelevant information in data visualizations. Similar to focus+context approaches, un/foldable visualizations transform the visual data representation, often between different granularities, in an integrated manner while preserving the overall context. This typically involves switching between different visibility states of data elements or adjusting the graphical abstraction linked by gradual display transitions.We analyze a literature corpus of 101 visualization techniques specifically with respect to their use of the un/folding metaphor. In particular, we consider the type of data, the focus scope and the effect scope, the number of un/folding states, the transformation type, and the controllability and interaction directness of un/folding. The collection of un/foldables is available as an online catalog that includes classic focus+context, semantic zooming, and multiscale visualizations as well as contemporary un/foldable visualizations. From our literature analysis, we further extract families of un/folding techniques, summarize empirical findings to date, and identify promising research directions for un/foldable data visualization.Item Formalizing Emphasis in Information Visualization(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2016) Hall, Kyle Wm.; Perin, Charles; Kusalik, Peter G.; Gutwin, Carl; Carpendale, Sheelagh; Ross Maciejewski and Timo Ropinski and Anna VilanovaWe provide a fresh look at the use and prevalence of emphasis effects in Infovis. Through a survey of existing emphasis frameworks, we extract a set-based approach that uses visual prominence to link visually and algorithmically diverse emphasis effects. Visual prominence provides a basis for describing, comparing and generating emphasis effects when combined with a set of general features of emphasis effects. Therefore, we use visual prominence and these general features to construct a new mathematical Framework for Information Visualization Emphasis, FIVE. The concepts we introduce to describe FIVE unite the emphasis literature and point to several new research directions for emphasis in information visualization.Item Frontmatter: Eurographics Conference on Visualization (EuroVis) 2015 - STARs - State of The Art Reports(Eurographics Association, 2015) Borgo, Rita; Ganovelli, Fabio; Viola, Ivan; -Item In Situ Methods, Infrastructures, and Applications on High Performance Computing Platforms(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2016) Bauer, Andrew C.; Abbasi, Hasan; Ahrens, James; Childs, Hank; Geveci, Berk; Klasky, Scott; Moreland, Kenneth; O'Leary, Patrick; Vishwanath, Venkatram; Whitlock, Brad; Bethel, E. W.; Ross Maciejewski and Timo Ropinski and Anna VilanovaThe considerable interest in the high performance computing (HPC) community regarding analyzing and visualization data without first writing to disk, i.e., in situ processing, is due to several factors. First is an I/O cost savings, where data is analyzed /visualized while being generated, without first storing to a filesystem. Second is the potential for increased accuracy, where fine temporal sampling of transient analysis might expose some complex behavior missed in coarse temporal sampling. Third is the ability to use all available resources, CPU's and accelerators, in the computation of analysis products. This STAR paper brings together researchers, developers and practitioners using in situ methods in extreme-scale HPC with the goal to present existing methods, infrastructures, and a range of computational science and engineering applications using in situ analysis and visualization.Item Information Visualization Evaluation Using Crowdsourcing(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2018) Borgo, Rita; Micallef, Luana; Bach, Benjamin; McGee, Fintan; Lee, Bongshin; Robert S. Laramee and G. Elisabeta Marai and Michael SedlmairVisualization researchers have been increasingly leveraging crowdsourcing approaches to overcome a number of limitations of controlled laboratory experiments, including small participant sample sizes and narrow demographic backgrounds of study participants. However, as a community, we have little understanding on when, where, and how researchers use crowdsourcing approaches for visualization research. In this paper, we review the use of crowdsourcing for evaluation in visualization research. We analyzed 190 crowdsourcing experiments, reported in 82 papers that were published in major visualization conferences and journals between 2006 and 2017. We tagged each experiment along 36 dimensions that we identified for crowdsourcing experiments.We grouped our dimensions into six important aspects: study design & procedure, task type, participants, measures & metrics, quality assurance, and reproducibility. We report on the main findings of our review and discuss challenges and opportunities for improvements in conducting crowdsourcing studies for visualization research.Item Matrix Reordering Methods for Table and Network Visualization(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2016) Behrisch, Michael; Bach, Benjamin; Riche, Nathalie Henry; Schreck, Tobias; Fekete, Jean-Daniel; Ross Maciejewski and Timo Ropinski and Anna VilanovaThis survey provides a description of algorithms to reorder visual matrices of tabular data and adjacency matrix of networks. The goal of this survey is to provide a comprehensive list of reordering algorithms published in different fields such as statistics, bioinformatics, or graph theory. While several of these algorithms are described in publications and others are available in software libraries and programs, there is little awareness of what is done across all fields. Our survey aims at describing these reordering algorithms in a unified manner to enable a wide audience to understand their differences and subtleties. We organize this corpus in a consistent manner, independently of the application or research field. We also provide practical guidance on how to select appropriate algorithms depending on the structure and size of the matrix to reorder, and point to implementations when available.Item Nodes, Edges, and Artistic Wedges: A Survey on Network Visualization in Art History(The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2025) Tuscher, Michaela; Filipov, Velitchko; Kamencek, Teresa; Rosenberg, Raphael; Miksch, Silvia; Angellini, Marco; Garth, Christoph; Kerren, AndreasArt history traditionally relies on qualitative methods. However, the increasing availability of digitized archives has opened new possibilities for research by integrating visual analytics. This survey presents a comprehensive review of the intersection between art history and visual analytics, focusing on network visualization and how it supports researchers in analyzing and understanding complex art historical relationships through nodes (e.g., artists, artworks, institutions) and edges (the relationships between them). We explore how these approaches enable dynamic analysis, offering novel perspectives on artistic influence, stylistic evolution, and social interactions within the art world. Through this, we also examine wedges, a metaphor for the friction often present in art history between individuals and institutions. These tensions, which have historically played a pivotal role in shaping artistic movements, are now better understood through the lens of network visualization, revealing how conflicts and power dynamics influenced the development of art. Through a hierarchical categorization of the literature, we outline saturated problems and research areas as well as ongoing challenges in art historical research. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of visual analytics to bridge the gap between traditional qualitative research and modern computational analysis, offering interactive exploration, temporal analysis, and complex network visualization. We provide a structured foundation for future research in art history, emphasizing the value of network visualization in enriching the understanding of art history.